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Human trafficking in Southeast Asia
Human trafficking in regions such as Southeast Asia have long been a problem for the area and still is prevalent today. It has been observed that as economies continue to grow, the demand for labor is at an all time high in the industrial sector and the sex tourism sector. A mix of impoverished individuals and the desire for more wealth creates an environment for human traffickers to benefit in the Southeast Asia region. Many nations within the region have taken preventative measures to end human trafficking within their borders and punish traffickers operating there.
==Nature of the problem==
Human trafficking, is defined by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in their Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons document as “the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation.”〔"Human Trafficking." What Is Human Trafficking? United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/human-trafficking/what-is-human-trafficking.html〕 This definition applies to harvesting of organs, slavery or forced labor, and sexual exploitation. According to a International Labor Organization (ILO) a report using a methodology based off national surveys reported, as recently as 2012, 20.9 million people were being held against their will in various forms of forced labor around the world. The majority of these laborers were women at 55% and males at 45%.〔ILO Special Action Programme to combat forced labor. (2012) "ILO 2012 Global estimate of forced labor: Executive summary" Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---declaration/documents/publication/wcms_181953.pdf〕 According to Besler, annual profits from industries specializing in forced labor have averaged 44.3 billion dollars in 2005.〔Besler, P. "All Forms of Forced Labor" Forced Labor and Human Trafficking: Estimating the Profits. (2005) 16. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1016&context=forcedlabor〕
Beyond the scope Southeast Asia, the Asia-Pacific region contains the largest number of forced laborers anywhere in the world but only has a prevalence rate of 3.3 per 1000, which is one of the lower prevalence rates when compared by region.〔 This is due to the fact that the Asia-Pacific region has a much larger population when compared to the rest of the world’s regions.
In Southeast Asia human trafficking is widely regarded as interregional with laborers being collected from countries within the region and ultimately working within the region. Victims from Southeast Asia have also been found in many other countries around the globe. In Southeast Asia human trafficking consists of forced sexual labor and forced labor which, in many countries in Southeast Asia, can lead to mixed forms of human trafficking. In Thailand and Malaysia trafficking mainly takes the form of sexual exploitation, while in Indonesia forced labor is observed is more prevalent, but both forms of sexual and forced labor can be found.〔UNODC, "Global Report on Trafficking in Persons" 2012. Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/glotip/Trafficking_in_Persons_2012_web.pdf〕 It is estimated that 10,000 laborers are deceived or captured into forced labor annually in the region 〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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